【注释】
【作者简介】牟中伟，中国人民公安大学2017级硕士研究生。
【基金项目】湖北省教育厅人文社科项目“公安机关处置医患纠纷的难点与对策研究”(16Y140)。
[1]本文所指“医院”是广义上的医院，包括各种综合性医院、专科医院、急诊中心、精神病医院、诊所以及护理机构等。
[2]参见2017 California Code > Welfare and Institutions Code > Division 4 > Part 2 > Chapter 3 >Section 4313。
[3]参见2018 Code of Alabama > Title 22> Title 2> Chapter 50> Article 1> Section 22-50-21。
[4]《纽约时报》的一项全国性调查显示，2014年，52%的医院报告其安保人员会携带手枪进行武装，47%的医院报告称会使用电击枪(Taser)武装安保人员，而这些数字是三年前的两倍多。
[5]参见2018 Indiana Code > Title 16 > Article 18 > Chapter 4。
[6]FTE 相当于具有医院安全部门授权的每周工作40 小时的全职安保人员数量。这些安保人员包括合同制和专有制的非当值警察、非武装的警卫人员以及武装性警卫人员。
【参考文献】
{1}Maguire E R, Snipes J B, Uchida C D, et al. Counting cops: estimating the number of police departments and police officers in the USA[J]. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 1998(1):97-120.
{2}Police department in Memorial Hospital wants more officers[EB/OL].https://wsbt.com/news/local/police-department-inmemorial-hospital-wants-more-officers, 2019-04-03.
{3}美国警察及其工资待遇[EB/OL].https://share.america.gov/zh-hans/police-officers/, 2019-04-03.
{4}Smith T A. What every healthcare facility should do now to reduce the potential for workplace violence[J]. Journal of Healthcare Protection Management Publication of the International Association for Hospital Security, 2016(1):41.
{5}Violence in Healthcare Facilities[EB/OL].https://www.ecri.org/components/HRC/, 2019-04-03.
{6}王均平，唐国清.社区治安体系理论选择及模式研判[M].北京：中国人民公安大学出版社，2010:103.
{7}张兆端.警察哲学：哲学视阈中的警察学原理[M].北京：中国人民公安大学出版社，2010:182.
{8}Hospital Police Officer Series [EB/OL].http://www.calhr.ca.gov/state-hr-professionals/Pages/1937.aspx, 2019-04-03.
{9}Brian Forst, Peter K. Manning. The Privatization of Policing: Two Views[M]. Washington, D. C.: Georgetown University Press, 1999:37.
{10}{28}York T W, MacAlister D. Hospital and healthcare security[M]. Waltham: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2015:140-141, 181.
{11}David H. Sells. Security in the Health Care Environment[M]. New York: Aspen Publishers, 2002:17.
{12}李昕朔.中美枪支管理制度比较研究[J].湖北警官学院学报，2014(4):48.
{13}Kelen G D, Catlett C L, Kubit J G, et al. Hospital-based shootings in the United States:2000 to 2011[J]. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 2012(6):790-798.e1.
{14}Indiana hospitals create police departments following recent legislation[EB/OL].http://www.hospitalsafetycenter.com/print/306744/topic/WS_HSC_HSC.html, 2019-04-03.
{15}Police Academy and Training[EB/OL].http://www.dsh.ca.gov/Law_Enforcement/Police_Academy_and_Training.aspx, 2019-04-03.
{16}James T. Turner. Handbook of Hospital Security and Safety[M]. New York: Aspen Publishers, 1988:2.
{17}[美]塞缪尔·沃克.美国警察导论(第8版)[M].张小兵等译.北京：中国人民公安大学出版社，2016:92.
{18}Amid more violence, some hospitals form police departments[EB/OL].https://search-proquest-com.libaccess.lib.mcmaster.ca/docview/1645499251/D66A5F02E8E14B47PQ/1? accountid=12347, 2019-04-03.
{19}Mawby R, Boakye K, Jones C. Policing tourism: the emergence of specialist units[J]. Policing and Society, 2015(4):378.
{20}《中国医师执业状况白皮书》发布][EB/OL].http://www.cmda.net/rdxw2/11526.jhtml, 2019-04-03.
{21}Vellani K H, Emery R J, Parker N. Staffing benchmarks: a model for determining how many security officers are enough[J]. Journal of Healthcare Protection Management Publication of the International Association for Hospital Security, 2012(2):1.
{22}张育勤.我国警务策略研究的文献分析[J].湖北警官学院学报，2017(2):7.
{23}王世洲，刘淑珺.零容忍政策探析[J].中国人民公安大学学报(社会科学版), 2005(4):74.
{24}Greene J A. Zero tolerance: A case study of police policies and practices in New York City[J]. Crime & Delinquency, 1999(2):171.
{25}Violence in Hospitals[EB/OL].https://www.hhnmag.com/articles/4561-violence-in-hospitals, 2019-04-03.
{26}孟晓梵.法治视野下公安机关应对医患纠纷的策略[J].湖北警官学院学报，2015(7):37.
{27}Lee C M . A Comparative Study on the Regulation of Private Security in the United States and South Korea[J]. Journal of Applied Security Research, 2008(2):157-170.
{28}York T W, MacAlister D. Hospital and healthcare security[M]. Waltham: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2015:181.
© 北大法宝：(www.pkulaw.com)专业提供法律信息、法学知识和法律软件领域各类解决方案。北大法宝为您提供丰富的参考资料，正式引用法规条文时请与标准文本核对。
欢迎查看所有产品和服务。法宝快讯：如何快速找到您需要的检索结果？法宝V6有何新特色？
